Knowers and Knowledge in East-West Philosophy: Epistemology Extended

作者： Shizhen Xie

Lai, Karyn L., ed. Knowers and knowledge in east-west philosophy: epistemology extended. Springer Nature, 2021.


第十四章

Lai, Karyn L. "Models of knowledge in the Zhuangzi: Knowing with chisels and sticks." Knowers and Knowledge in East-West Philosophy: Epistemology Extended (2022): 319-343.

本文，赖老师阐述了《庄子》中的embodied knowledge，以佝偻者和轮扁为主要案例。

西方哲学强调mind对知识的重要性，但是作者强调bodily engagement也很重要。These bodily engagements are basic, irreducible components of knowledge, fully integrated with the cicada catcher's understanding of cicada habits and habitats (p. 324).

现在有学者提出extended cognition的概念，强调tool usage在认知中的地位，佝偻者使用工具，恰恰是这个例子（p. 328）。

以轮扁为例子，embodied knowledge恰恰是“得之于手而应于心”(p. 335)。

庄子与惠子关于standard的对话，说明了：a person is able to seize the moment only when she is not so firmly entrenched in her expectations that she is unable to factor in considerations arising from exigent circumstances (p. 336). 一个人不要固执于他的既有期望。