Moral Obligation and Moral Motivation in Confucian Role-Based Ethics
Nuyen, A.T. Moral Obligation and Moral Motivation in Confucian Role-Based Ethics. Dao 8, 1–11 (2009). 1,导论 本文的问题:How is the Confucian moral agent motivated to do the right things? 对于道德动机,有内在主义和外在主义的区别。作者主张,对于儒家的行动主体,其道德动机处于内在与外在之间。 2,role and obligation 论证儒家是角色伦理,而非德性伦理或规范伦理。这是因为,儒家对德性和规范的理解,是基于其对作为角色的自我(即moral agent)的理解。责任的生成则在于社会关系a social relationship entails certain obligations (p. 3)。Moral obligations are derived from the roles that define an individual as a person or an agent. To know what one’s obligations are requires educating oneself into the roles that define one as a person. It is a matter of self-cultivating, not one of pure moral reasoning (p. 4). 3,obligations and motivation 分析儒家的修身理论(正命、正名等等,a process of learning to motivate oneself to be sincere)。作者主张,儒家的道德信念与动机存在联系,但是这并不意味着儒家就是内在主义,也不是外在主义。 首先,孟子并不忽视礼,从而证明孟子不是轻视外在规范。 4,Between Internalism and Externalism 本节分析对孟子的内在主义解读的各种文本依据,如6A4,1A7。作者主张,这些把孟子判定为内在主义的解读,只是说明了:孟子不是一个外在主义者。 作者注意到了Simpson提供的一个中间模型,即the psycho-semantic ...