A Confucian Defense of Shame: Morality, Self-Cultivation, and the Dangers of Shamelessness

作者： Shizhen Xie

Topic: A Confucian Defense of Shame: Morality, Self-Cultivation, and the Dangers of Shamelessness

Speaker: Mark BERKSON


作者要为shame的价值辩护（特别是儒家的角度）。什么时候羞耻是合适的？


1，为什么shame被视为消极的？

importance of self-esteem


Note: shame vs. guilt

shame: from the community

guilt: from a higher being (God)


2，儒家

如何回应羞耻

西方：忏悔repentance, 补赎atonement 

儒家：修身，自省，思——羞耻作为一种motivating  force，体现出一种张力（你的现在状态和你的理想品格）作者称之为moral shame: "you are better than that."有别于pathological shame: "I am defective", "I am unworthy of love."


guilt: acts and consequences

shame: characters, who I am

作者认为二者都是必要的


作者还考虑到了心理学研究，身体热成像与各种情绪（如羞耻）。


最后作者提到“无耻”，认为这是真正的危险，特别是在政治领域，例如Donald Trump。